Twist level
TPM describes twist level as a separate specification input.
Technical guide
S Twist and Z Twist in Yarn
S and Z identify yarn twist direction, helping buyers and production teams describe construction more clearly.
What yarn twist means
Twist direction describes the orientation of the visible spiral or surface lines when a yarn is viewed vertically. S twist and Z twist are the standard terms used to identify that direction.
Include the required direction with TPM, construction and application when preparing a technical brief. Machine or process information can also be supplied when it affects the buyer requirement.
Construction review
Yarn Construction connects direction to the full yarn brief.
Original technical diagram
S Twist and Z Twist Direction
S and Z describe the direction in which the visible yarn twist runs when viewed vertically.
S TWIST
The visible surface lines follow the centre stroke of S: from lower right toward upper left.
Z TWIST
The visible surface lines follow the centre stroke of Z: from lower left toward upper right.
Twist direction describes orientation. TPM describes how much twist is present. The two specification terms should not be treated as the same measurement.
Application and sample review
Include twist direction with the intended application, construction information and any sample reference. This keeps the S or Z orientation connected to the complete yarn requirement.
What is S twist and Z twist?
S and Z are labels used to identify yarn twist direction.
Why does twist direction matter?
It gives buyers, production teams and suppliers a consistent way to describe the required yarn construction alongside the application and TPM context.